Petrochemical Company In Southern Iran Comes Under Armed Attack

Kayhan newspaper, affiliated with Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei’s office, said Saturday that Baharvand had been dismissed from his post over a “norm-breaking” ceremony two weeks ago to mark the anniversary of 1979 Islamic Revolution

A video posted to the internet apparently from the ceremony showed women not wearing hijab. While hijab is compulsory in public in Iran, Iranian officials often attend events outside the country where it is not worn.

An unveiled woman was seen in the video playing the piano, alongside a male violinist. The video then pans across guests to photos on the wall of the 1979 Revolution leader Ruhollah Khomeini and his successor as Iran’s Leader Ali Khamenei.

Kayhan said the embassy had not observed diplomatic protocols, and Fars News, an affiliate of Iran’s Revolutionary Guards, suggested the ceremony had not been in line with “the values of the [1979] Islamic Revolution.”

The INLA news agency cited Saeed Khatibzadeh, the foreign ministry spokesman, saying Baharvand was one of 38 envoys set to be replaced. Baharvand became ambassador in 2021, and was formerly for a year deputy foreign minister for international and Legal Affairs: he was appointed to both posts under the former administration of President Hassan Rouhani.

The reformist newspaper Shargh published a video February 15 – along with a feature article "One Day With Madam Secretary General" – in which Mansouri talked affectionately with a dog.

Mansouri, who was elected secretary-general of the reformist Etehad-e Mellat (National Unity) Party in December, said that her son and daughter-in-law had brought the pooch home but had hidden him from her. Mansouri said she had at first been upset, but after a week refused to let them take the dog away “because it showed a lot of affection.”

Dogs are generally considered 'impure' in Islam and banned in public places by some majority-Muslim countries including Saudi Arabia. Iranian parliamentarians in November proposed a bill making illegal selling and keeping of pets. They claimed the ban was meant to protect public health. While working dogs have always been common in Iran’s rural areas and on farms, keeping pets has only recently become fashionable in urban areas.

The video was pounced on by hardliner rather than reformist media. Fars news agency noted that “reformists who claim it is people's right to know have chosen silence about Mansouri's remarks.” The Fars report suggested the reformists’ “unedited” images showed “disrespect for Islamic sanctities” and promoted “anomalous cultural behavior.”

A few days later, a second video appeared on social media showing an elderly lady at prayer with a dog playfully jumping at her, tugging her veil, and playing on her prayer rug. Some sharing the video said it showed Mansouri promoting "living with dogs".

Pets, not children

One widely shared tweet critical of Mansouri quoted the Prophet Mohammad saying, "there is no blessing in a house where there are no children." The tweet suggested that the "reformist Azar Mansouri and the rest of her gang" were promoting dogs as an alternative to children. Another tweet claimed that an obsession with pets had contributed to "destruction of the foundation of families" in the west, echoing views expressed by Pope Francis in January.

Ali Najmedin, a political analyst, alleged that reformists were trying to “to normalize indecency” and "desensitize" Iranian society to other steps including flouting the hijab, adultery and homosexuality.

But Hossein Kermanpour, a prominent physician in Tehran with reformist leanings, rose in defense of the National Unity Party and her mutt. "Dear Azar Mansouri, those who have intentionally claimed you were the kind elderly mother a dog affectionately tries to play with while she is at prayer know that dogs do not destroy a human being’s connection with God,” he tweeted. “What distances humans from God is poverty, oppression, dishonor and injustice if they happen under Islamic rule.”

With a government appropriation of $200 million a year and huge advertising income, the coverage of the state TV was so blatant that according to former lawmaker Ali Motahari it is as if Iran is a Russian colony.

Meanwhile, as President Ebrahim Raisi rushed to express support for Russia, observers on social media said the sheer fact that he called Vladimir Putin in this situation, puts the Islamic Republic in an embarrassing situation.

Later Friday, Iran's security Chief Ali Shamkhani also supported Russia's military move into Ukraine. The state TV, Raisi and Shamkhani portrayed Russia's aggression as an attempt to defend itself against advances by NATO, fully endorsing Russia’s claims.

Possibly as a concerted attempt, nearly all the Friday Prayer Imams in various Iranian provinces trumpeted the idea of Russia defending itself against NATO in their sermons, Mehr news agency reported.

Asr Iran website in Tehran wrote on Friday that Iranian conservatives have been cheerfully welcoming Russia's attack on Ukraine. The website quoted some conservatives as saying that the United States has left Ukraine alone in the face of invasion and other countries should not count on US support.

The website noted that the state TV does not use the words "attack" or "invasion" about Russia's move and constantly talks about Russia's "special operation." According to the website, the state TV praises Putin for his "authoritarian rule" as an element that reinforces likeminded people in Iran in their confrontation with the supporters of Western liberalism.

Meanwhile, commentators on state TV keep saying that as the United States is busy with the Ukraine crisis, it can no longer exert pressure on Iran in the nuclear negotiations. At the same time, as Russia's move brings on a series of European and US sanctions against Russia, this gives Iranian hardliners a good feeling that there are not alone in their isolation.

The website also added that it would have been difficult for Iran to defend Russia had it attacked a Muslim country such as Afghanistan or Azerbaijan, but Iranian leaders believe that no one in the country expects them to defend the people of Ukraine.

However, Iran has turned a blind eye to persecution of Muslims in China and elsewhere.

Iranian leaders' also think that the invasion of Ukraine will portray Russia as a more powerful ally for the Islamic Republic, although technically, Russia is not Iran's strategic ally. Russia has never stopped any of the UN sanctions and resolutions against Iran in the past 15 years.

Nonetheless, the paradoxical point is that Iran officially opposes all forms of separatism. Supporting the separatists in Ukraine could be embarrassing for Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and therefore, this is a point the state TV tries to ignore in its reporting.

Conservative commentator Jalal Khoshchehreh warned the Iranian government that Russia's actions in Ukraine and Iran's support for it will promote separatism in the rest of the world.

Khoshchehreh suggested that Iran should defend Ukraine's territorial integrity. He was probably pointing to the fact that there are several ethnic and linguistic groups all around Iran with some people among them having separatist tendencies. Stressing that Russia's invasion of Ukraine will empower radical nationalists everywhere, he asked: "Are other countries entitled to deploy forces to a foreign country to support their separatists?"

The last weeks of the year in Iran are traditionally the time that the prices jump in anticipation of more demand and this year is no exception, especially with general inflation hovering around 40-percent for the past year making the situation worse.

Food prices have been rising much faster, with government figures showing above 60-percent inflation at retail level in 2021, compared with 2020.

Sugar and different types of rice are usually items with highest price increases followed by different kinds of meat, chicken and eggs as well as cooking oil.

Each year the government announces some measures to control the prices such as supplying subsidized food items, distributing basic goods through state-owned chain stores, banning exports or punitive measures for wholesale middlemen or retailers who don’t abide by state-regulated prices. Usually, all such measures turn out to be ultimately in vain and only lead to more tension in the market or corruption by state companies who control the distribution of sugar, rice and other basic food items.

In recent months, prices for rice – which is the main staple food in Iranian diet -- experienced a lot of fluctuations, reaching to about 1,000,000 rials (about $4) per kilogram, which is enough for five to eight people for one meal and many families eat some rice-based meals twice a day. However, an average Iranian wage-earner gets $100 to $200 per month.

To regulate the rice market, the government recently started fixing the price of this commodity, and the Agriculture Ministry announced a price list for different types of Iranian and foreign rice.

But still consumer prices at grocery shops are different from those announced by the authorities. When the ministry’s inspectors confront the wholesalers and retailers about their higher prices, their response usually is that they rather close their businesses than sell their goods at government prices and lose money. Somewhere in the supply chain prices go up and especially retailers complain that they pay much more than the official price.

In addition to rice, the red meat market is also in so much turbulence that the government has banned the export of live cattle to prevent rising prices.

According to data provided by the Trade Ministry, the price of one kilogram of beef in December was over 40 percent more than that of the corresponding period in the previous year.

The head of Cattle Farmers Association, Ahmad Moghaddasi, told Mehr News that producers’ prices have not changed in recent months, but retail prices have jumped dramatically.

He criticized the authorities for failing to control the prices in the meat market, stating that “unfortunately the brokers and intermediaries are stronger than the authorities,” therefore they benefit from the losses of both producers and consumers.

The highest price increase is related to sugar, which jumped by 76 percent compared to October 2020 as the government stopped allocating cheap dollars for its import.

Since April 2018, Iran has been providing US dollars to importers of essential goods at the preferential rate of 42,000 rials, while the dollar has steadily climbed against Iran’s rial, reaching 290,000 in November.

This was in fact a food subsidy first provided when looming US economic sanctions in early 2018 were already creating high inflation in the country.

Asserting Afghan neutrality Friday, a day after Russian troops invaded Ukraine, a foreign ministry statement called for “all sides…to desist from taking positions that could intensify violence…[and] the possibility of civilian casualties”, and to “pay attention to safeguarding the lives of Afghan students and migrants in Ukraine.”

In its statement, the foreign ministry expressed concern over “the possibility of civilian casualties”, saying that “the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan is closely monitoring the situation in Ukraine”.

The Taliban were responsible for tens of thousands of civilian casualties in their war against the United States and other Western forces supporting the government, by conducting indiscriminate attacks against schools, hospitals and other civilian targets.

No country has yet recognized the Taliban as Afghanistan's new government since its takeover in August 2021 that reportedly caused thousands of casualties and displaced up to half a million according to UN estimates.

Ukraine's State Migration Service has said that at least 370 Afghans fled violence in Ukraine on evacuation flights last year. According to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, more than 130 people, including civilians, were killed on Thursday, the first day of the Russian invasion.