Iran Was Broke and Wanted a Deal, Trump Claims

Candidates took turns discussing the brutal crackdown on women defying the mandatory hijab, despite their own roles in intensifying the enforcement.

Mohammad-Bagher Ghalibaf, the current parliament speaker, Masoud Pezeshkian, a member of parliament, and Tehran mayor Alireza Zakani are all directly involved in the new regulations the Islamic Republic is crafting to maintain control over Iranian women's public appearance.

For the past 45 years, Iran's clerical rulers have imposed stringent Islamic laws, regulations, and punishments to control citizens' private lives.

A dress code, including mandatory hijab and unequal rights for women, religious indoctrination in schools, a ban on alcoholic beverages, and medieval punishments like flogging for minor offenses – all were imposed on a society rapidly modernizing before the 1979 revolution.

Many Iranians, particularly Generation Z, reject some or all of these religious rules defined by Iran's Shia clerics. This rejection fueled the nationwide anti-regime protests in September 2022, sparked by the death of a 22-year-old woman in police custody for "improper" hijab.

Iran’s Generation Z in particular mostly reject a religious state and seek a secular government that would allow them social freedoms, such as enjoying music and dancing.

The candidates' statements displayed an ambivalence. On the one hand, they defended women's autonomy in choosing their public attire. On the other hand, they defended the government's crackdown on those who defy the mandatory dress code.

Since the 2022 nationwide protests, harshly suppressed by security forces, enforcing the hijab has become a significant challenge. Women increasingly appear in public without it. The government has implemented various measures to enforce hijab, and the parliament and the Guardian Council are wrangling over a new law to penalize women who defy it. Punishments include using surveillance cameras to identify these women, blocking their bank accounts, and withholding services – tactics used for humiliation.

No candidate offered a clear solution for Iranian women who oppose the government's dress code. Founded in 1979, the Islamic Republic is the only Muslim-majority country besides Taliban-ruled Afghanistan with such a strict interpretation of hijab and nationwide coercive measures for its observance. This occurs despite Islam being the official religion in 26 countries across Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa, and the Middle East.

Internet restrictions were also a topic of debate. Some candidates criticized the blocking of hundreds of websites and popular social media platforms. However, most proposed developing a national intranet under state control.

Even Masoud Pezeshkian, the reformist-backed candidate, defended the government's "intervention" in internet access, justifying shutdowns during national crises. "When intervention is necessary in a specific crisis, I will intervene," he stated. The Islamic Republic has a history of cutting off the internet during nationwide protests.

Pezeshkian claimed that all countries intervene in internet access, a frequently repeated but inaccurate defense by Iranian officials. He further argued that use of VPNs by citizens facilitates access to "obscene" content.

The candidates also threw their weight behind the expansion of Iranian alternatives to international social media platforms and websites, with some of them mentioning specific brands that have been created in Iran as the country has blocked the access of people to the free internet.

In the face of such restrictions, most Iranians have started using VPNs (filter breakers) to access the global internet, leading to the creating of a huge market for such services.

Mustafa Pourmohammadi said during the debate that the financial turnover of VPNs is 50% of the financial turnover of cyberspace in Iran.

There are no precise statistics on the financial turnover of VPNs in Iran. The latest estimates are between 200 and 300 trillion rials per year (about $500 million).

Pourmohammadi, like several other candidates, has been pledging to remove the country’s restrictions on the internet but such restrictions are not under the control of the president. Earlier in the day, Iran's Minister of Information and Communications Technology refuted presidential candidates' promises to lift internet censorship, stating that the president does not have the authority to make that decision.

In this week’s episode of ‘Eye for Iran,' we discuss how Iran’s hostage diplomacy is outplaying the West.

Host Negar Mojtahedi spoke with Iranian-Canadian human rights lawyer Kaveh Shahrooz whose uncle, Mehrdad Ashtari, was killed during the 1988 massacre of thousands of political prisoners that involved Nouri.

Alongside Sharooz is Mariam Claren, a German-Iranian fighting for her mother, Nahid Taghavi, a German national who has been unlawfully detained in Iran’s notorious Evin prison since 2020.

Shahrooz was a young child in Iran when his mother’s brother was imprisoned, tortured and hanged as a political dissident - to this day he said he doesn’t even know where he’s buried.

Nouri’s conviction of crimes against humanity, under universal jurisdiction, for his role in the 1988 massacre that saw more than 5 thousand political prisoners killed, was a modicum of justice for Shahrooz and other families.

He said “the fact that somebody was finally meant to pay for this crime was meaningful,” but now after Nouri’s release, he feels “deeply hurt” and “abandoned."

Claren, whose mother - a retired architect, remains in Evin prison in the same ward as Noble Peace Prize winner Narges Mohammadi, said the West should not give into hostage diplomacy. She said her own mother, wouldn’t want to be exchanged in such a way.

She questions why Ahmadreza Jalali, a Swedish-Iranian doctor on death row in Iran, was excluded from the prisoner swap.

“Maybe he just wasn’t Swedish enough,” said Claren.

Claren said “we should address the elephant in the room. Why did Johan Floderus, who is part of an EU delegation of the Middle East, who knows about the hostage diplomacy in the Islamic Republic of Iran, travel as a tourist to Iran?”

For more, watch or listen to Episode 3 of 'Eye for Iran.'

This unity persisted until April, when the Islamic Republic of Iran launched a massive rocket and missile attack against Israel.

Qatar declared, according to an April report in the Iranian government-controlled media, that the US is barred from using its airspace in Qatar. Doha hosts key leaders of the Iran-backed Hamas terrorist designated organization.

In one of the starkest signs of Qatar impeding the US from defending its allies in the Mideast and American national security interests, the Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) published on Thursday a scarcely noted 2012 interview with Qatar’s former Prime Minister Hamid bin Jassim, who said Qatari foreign policy prohibits military operations against Iran.

Hamad bin Jassim (HBJ) told the Qatari-owned Al-Jazeera Network in an April 1, 2012 interview that “The Iranians and the Americans know that we oppose any military action against Iran." When asked by Al-Jazeera "Will the Americans ask for your permission?,” the former Prime Minister said "The Americans know that we will not accept any hostile action from Qatar, against any neighboring country, especially against Iran."

Al-Jazeera said, "There is now escalation between Iran and the US. Couldn't the Al-Udeid Air Base be used to...", prompting HBJ to stress "I have told you that we will not accept – I am saying this clearly and underlining it twice... We will not accept any hostile action against Iran from Qatar. Full stop."

HBJ’s statement appears to render the Al-Udeid base futile against one of America’s principal enemies, the Islamic Republic, which the US has consistently designated a state-sponsor of terrorism since 1984.

Rich Goldberg, who served on the National Security Council during the Trump administration, told Iran International, “There’s little value in having a base right next to our greatest threat in the region if a primary condition for having the base is that it can never be used to confront that threat.” Goldberg is a senior advisor for the Washington-based Foundation for Defense of Democracies.

When approached by Iran International for a comment, a US State Department spokesperson said, “We refer you to US CENTCOM for comment on Al Udeid. We refer you to the Government of Qatar for comment on their policy.”

However, in response to an Iran International press query CENTCOM, a US defense official, said " We have no additional information to provide as this topic is not a Department of Defense decision. Therefore, we defer you to the U.S. State Department for comment."

Iran International reported in October, after the Iran-backed Hamas movement invaded Israeli border regions and killed 1,200 people, including over 30 Americans, Mohammad Bagheri, the chief of staff of Iran’s armed forces, asked Qatar’s defense minister for Doha to deny the US the use of its Al-Udeid airbase.

Qatar’s disruption of US military activity may have also weakened the US response to the Iran-backed militia, Kataib Hezbollah, in Iraq that murdered 3 US soldiers in Jordan in late January.

Retired US Navy Intelligence Commander, Jennifer Dyer, noted on her website, the “The Optimistic Conservative” in February, ”It’s possible that no Air Force strike-fighters from Al-Udeid participated. If that’s the case, the likely reason is that Qatar wouldn’t allow it.” Dyer added, “The silence from Al-Udeid doesn’t bode well...for the U.S. ‘option’ of attacking Iran’s nuclear weapons program. Doing that would involve a huge target set, not even so much for the nuclear weapons program itself as for neutralizing Iran’s air defenses and means of retaliation.”

Qatar and the Islamic Republic share the vast South Pars gas field in the Persian Gulf and this may be a reason why the supremely opulent gas-rich nation of Qatar has gone to great lengths to not pick fights with Iran’s clerical regime.

The two countries have drawn closer in recent years. Israel’s former president Reuven Rivlin delivered a dossier about Qatar’s alleged role in funding Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps to president Joe Biden in 2021. The US said at the time it would investigate the dossier.

The new MEMRI translation of HBJ’s Arabic-language interview sparked intense criticism from American and Israeli security experts.

Ezra A. Cohen, a former US Department of Defense official, wrote on X, formerly known as Twitter,that “Every day it becomes more and more clear that Qatar is holding the United States hostage.”

The popular Israeli journalist and commentator, Caroline Glick, wrote on X “The Biden administration does not designate Qatar a state-sponsor of terrorism, despite the fact that it is one of the largest state sponsors of terrorism. No. The administration designated Qatar a major non-NATO ally, which it decidedly is not.”

Qatar is in the crosshairs of many US Senators and Congressional representatives for its support of the US-designated terrorist movement Hamas. There are increasing calls on Capitol Hill for Biden to reexamine America’s alliance with Qatar and consider the relocation of the Al-Udeid base to another state in the Mideast that is not embroiled in funding Islamist terrorist movements.

MEMRI president and founder, Yigal Carmon, argues that Qatar is the single largest state-enabler of both Sunni and Shiite Islamist terrorist movements across the globe. Carmon termed the Qatari Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani’s government a “dishonest broker” who should not be involved in the effort to secure the release of Hamas held hostages in the Gaza Strip.

Qatar’s ambassador to the US, Meshal bin Hamad Al Thani, did not respond to an Iran International press query. Iran International sent multiple email press queries to Qatar’s embassy in Washington.

The Ahvaz Revolutionary Court handed a 10-year jail term to Hamid Afzali and five-year jail terms to Nasrollah Mousavi, Bijan Gholizadeh, and Iman Salehi. Zohrab Shahbazi also received 9 months, totaling 25 years and 9 months, announced human rights group Hengaw on Wednesday.

"So far, there is no information available about the specific charges against these five Christian converts or the details of their accusations," said Hengaw.

London-based non-profit Article 18 focused on human rights violations against Christians in Iran, reported that the detainees are all from the city of Izeh in Khuzestan province.

"The convictions were based on Article 500 of the penal code, which has been used on numerous occasions to convict Christians," Article 18 stated.

Additionally, Yasin Mousavi another Christian convert from Izeh, was sentenced to 15 years in prison.

Yasin was sentenced to 10 years for “membership in a group intent on disrupting national security” and an additional 5 years for “propaganda against the regime through the promotion of ‘Zionist’ Christianity,” according to the Iranian Christian website Mohabat News.

Mousavi was previously arrested during Iran's nationwide uprising dubbed Woman Life Freedom protests in 2022 and later released on a 20 billion rial ($30,000) bail.

He was rearrested again on December 22, 2023, as part of a bigger wave of crackdown on Christians in Izeh by intelligence forces. He was transferred to Ahvaz Central Prison (Sheiban) after 20 days of being held at the Ministry of Intelligence detention center, according to Article 18.

Although Christians are acknowledged as a religious minority in Iran, authorities impose severe penalties, especially on those who convert from Islam to Christianity

Renouncing Islam is forbidden by Sharia and the punishment could be death, although the government in Iran pursues lesser punishments.

In its annual report released in February this year, titled ‘Faceless Victims: Rights Violations Against Christians in Iran’, Article 18 urged Iran to release all Christians detained on faith-related charges and to specify locations where Persian-speaking Christians can freely worship in their native language without fear of arrest or prosecution.

A statement posted on the Iranian mission's X account said Hezbollah "has the capability to defend itself and Lebanon."

"Perhaps the time for the self-annihilation of this illegitimate regime has come," it said.

"Any imprudent decision by the occupying Israeli regime to save itself could plunge the region into a new war, the consequence of which would be the destruction of Lebanon's infrastructure as well as that of the 1948 occupied territories," the Iranian mission warned.

It also called Israel the "ultimate loser" of the possible war.

The statement came after Israeli officials told the US they are planning to shift resources from southern Gaza to northern Israel in preparation for a possible offensive against Hezbollah.

However, US officials are worried that Hezbollah may overwhelm Israel’s air defense including the Iron Dome.

Tel Aviv has communicated to the US concerns of the vulnerability of Israeli air defense against precision-guided munitions and missiles from Iran-backed Hezbollah, three US officials have told CNN.

Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah said Wednesday that his forces, armed and trained by Iran, can target anywhere in Israel, in the event of a full-blown war.

In his televised speech Wednesday, Nasrallah said “there will be no place safe from our missiles and our drones” in Israel.

One day earlier, the Hezbollah-affiliated outlets had published footage that they claimed were shot by a drone flying over residential and military sites deep in Israeli territory.

The Lebanese group is widely believed to have amassed more than 100,000 missiles, and its leader has repeatedly boasted about weapons that he claims have not been used so far in its eight months of low-key but constant fighting with Israel.

Hezbollah has been firing rockets at Israel in solidarity with fellow Iran-backed militant group Hamas since the Gaza war erupted in October, forcing tens of thousands to flee homes in Israel.